Quantum computing is set to revolutionize various fields of technology such as artificial intelligence, supply chain optimization, complex molecular simulations for drug discovery, and improve climate modeling. Beyond these practical applications, quantum computing is being envisioned as a tool to comprehend the true nature of reality as they can the behaviour of fundamental particles to a high degree of accuracy. But perhaps their most profound and alarming impact lies in the realm of cryptography and security. The digital world relies heavily on cryptographic systems such as RSA and ECC to ensure security of communication channels, safeguard sensitive data and protect financial systems.These encryption standards leverage the fact that factoring very large numbers is resource heavy and time consuming for classical computers. However, these systems are not designed to withstand the capabilities of quantum algorithms like Shor’s, leaving them vulnerable in a post-quantum world. The Shor’s algorithm can efficiently solve problems like integer factorization and discrete logarithms. This threatens the security of widely used protocols such as RSA and ECC, posing a serious threat to encryption. While symmetric encryption schemes like AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) are less vulnerable to quantum attacks, Grover’s algorithm (another quantum algorithm) reduces the effective key length by half, necessitating longer keys to maintain security, hence requiring more computing power.